Freshwater Rainbowfish
Sparkling, active and uniquely Australian - discover the beauty of Rainbowfish for your community aquarium.
Much like the beloved children's book character, rainbowfish are brilliantly iridescent, peaceful and adaptable. They handle a wide range of water parameters and mix well with other small, gentle species.
There are more than 50 recognised rainbowfish species, though many are exceptionally rare in the hobby. Most grow to around 11 cm (4.5”) and feature the signature arched forehead. With their colour, movement and peaceful nature, they remain one of Australia’s most iconic and popular native fish.
Rainbowfish Care
Rainbowfish are relatively low-maintenance but do best in clean, well-filtered water. They are sensitive to nitrate spikes, so regular water changes are essential, and a planted freshwater aquarium helps maintain stability. Rainbowfish do not suffer from species-specific diseases, though they can still contract common issues such as white spot if stressed. Popular varieties include Bleher's Rainbowfish, Chequered Rainbow and the hardy Flyspeck Hardyhead.
Rainbowfish Natural Habitat
Rainbowfish are native to Madagascar, Papua New Guinea, northern Australia and parts of Indonesia. Species vary, but most thrive in clear, warm waters with abundant vegetation where they can shelter and shoal.
Rainbowfish Behaviour & Compatibility
Rainbowfish are peaceful and active, making them excellent community fish. Avoid aggressive tankmates such as large Cichlids or Betta Fish (Siamese Fighting Fish). Being natural shoalers, they should be kept in groups of at least five to prevent stress. Mild male rivalry may occur during breeding, but it is typically harmless. Ideal companions include Angelfish, Barbs, Danios, Gouramis, Sharks and other Rainbowfish species.
Rainbowfish Tank Set-up Tips
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Tank
Rainbowfish are energetic swimmers, so they need more space than their size may suggest. Long tanks suit them far better than tall ones. Keep shoals of at least five, with more females than males. Different species grow to different sizes, so always check individual requirements. The guide below suits mid-sized species such as Bleher's Rainbowfish, which reach about 11 cm (4.5”).
| Recommended Max Fish Count |
Tank Volume |
| 5 Rainbowfish |
134 litres (30 gallons) |
| 8 Rainbowfish |
160 litres (35 gallons) |
| 12 Rainbowfish |
227 litres (50 gallons) |
| 15 Rainbowfish |
318 litres (70 gallons) |
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Base
Rainbowfish do not forage heavily at the bottom, so the choice of substrate is up to your aesthetic preference or the needs of other tankmates. Darker substrates enhance their colourful sheen and can help fish feel more secure.
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Foliage
Live plants are highly beneficial for Rainbowfish, offering cover and reducing stress. Options such as Java Moss and Crested Java Fern work particularly well. Ensure most of the water column remains open for swimming, and consider adding driftwood to mimic natural root structures.
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Water
Rainbowfish tolerate a reasonably broad range of conditions, though ideal temperatures are 24-30°C (75-86°F). Depending on your climate, a heater may be needed.
Aim for a pH of 7.2-7.6 and hardness of 5-15 dGH. A reliable testing kit ensures parameters stay stable. Regular water changes — 25% weekly or 50% fortnightly - are especially important for Rainbowfish.
Vacuum the substrate consistently, and treat any tap water used during water changes with appropriate water conditioners.
Feeding
Rainbowfish are omnivores with a strong preference for insects and meaty foods. Offer a balanced diet of high-quality flakes, along with frozen or live options such as bloodworms and mosquito larvae. Minced vegetables can also be included. Browse the options available on our fish food page. Because Rainbowfish feed at the surface, avoid overfeeding, as they will not scavenge leftovers.
Why Keep Rainbowfish?
- Their shimmering, colour-shifting scales look spectacular under aquarium lighting.
- They are sociable, active and frequently visible in the tank.
- Hardy, peaceful and adaptable — ideal for a wide range of community tanks.
Browse our full selection of Australian Rainbowfish below and choose your next standout addition. Whether you prefer the vivid Neon Rainbowfish, the iconic Boesemani Rainbowfish or the hardy Murray River Rainbowfish, we'll have them delivered promptly to your door.
